Wages are shown in German marks. Source: Cost of living and family expenditures in Kentucky, Tennessee and Texas. Source: Source: Canada Department of Labor report. HOUSING, FARMS and UTILITIES Coal companies also recruited in Europe. Wages shows in 1930 US dollars. Wages are in contemporary US dollars. in FOREIGN COUNTRIES, FOOD It is not yet available to read online; check your local library for a printed copy. Shows wages and prices in kronen, along with the exchange rate to translate into U.S. dollars. Retail prices for brick, cement, lumber of various kinds, window glass, shingles, nails and more. Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Shows average wages alongside a cost of living index for Germany between 1929-1942. Frank Keeney left no account of how he felt the day he entered the mine portal, but one imagines the dread that might have accompanied a ten-year-old boys first trip into the hole. Source: BLS, Shows the average price of foodstuffs and other common goods in the federal district of Mexico. Full chapter extends from pp. Shows the average daily wages of various occupations in Athens and Piraeus. Includes breakouts for adults and. Keep your hand upon the dollar, Shows police department salaries for cities over 100,000 population. Workers, Kohinoor mine, Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, 1884, Managers, Kohinoor mine, Shenandoah, Pennsylvania, 1884. Source: Shows the weekly wages of various occupations in Vienna. Corn visited coal mines and mountain communities from Virginia to Tennessee, photographing the working and domestic lives of miner families and their struggles with low wages, unsafe working conditions, and black lung disease. These figures are shown by occupation, sex, and region. In the late 1800s mining was rough physical labor. Every workday a panel of miners, ranging from fourteen to twenty-eight men, passed through a main entry and then turneddown a side entry. by SEX Source: BLS, Shows the average wages for an 8 hour work day in Riga within various industry groups. This table covers pages 357-360 in this source. Source: Covers elementary schools and junior high schools in American cities with populations of 2,500 or more. Coal diggers gave up some of their hard-earned pay to aid fellow miners when they were sick or injured, and when a mine exploded, they risked their lives to rescue the survivors trapped inside. Shows the hourly and weekly wages for 12 principal industries throughout Germany. Data gathered by the National Industrial Conference Board (a group of industry associations) which used European government publications for information. Religious organizations -Salaries, 1929in. Occupations included are limited before 1916. Includes clam, lobster, oyster industries and more. Without a match he walked, hands held in front of his body, until, by chance, someone found him and gave him a light. Handkerchiefs, slippers, watches, umbrellas, hair brushes and combs, Christmas decorations. Wages are shown in French francs. $180 - $5k. Miscellaneous: The strongest, most efficient men earned the most money at the end of the day. Using a thin iron needle about the thickness of a pencil, he shoved a cartridge of black powder into the hole and pushed a little clay into the hole with a damper; then he carefullywithdrew the needle and inserted a wick of waxed paper, a squib, that would burn down to the black powder. Source: Missouri State Dept of Agriculture. 2-4. 365-372. Shows the average weekly wages for a variety of occupations and industries in New Zealand. Regardless of what their state government might or might not do to protect them, the miners of West Virginia had to rely on themselves and their buddies, rather than on company fire bosses and state mine inspectors, whose numbers were few and whose visits were infrequent. In the late 1800s mining was rough physical labor. Source: Women's Bureau Bulletin #85. Includes breakouts for those who lived with the family and those who did not. Shows salaries for sevenoccupations inpolice departments of 25American cities. At dawn, the workers reported to the payroll clerk in the company office, where they were handed numbered brass checks to attach to each coal car they loaded. Discussion covers the history of minimum wage legislation in Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain, Canada, South Africa, Mexico, France, Norway, Argentina, Germany, Spain, Switzerland, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Uruguay, Hungary, Poland, Italy, and Rumania (Romania) up to 1928. Coal operators enticed workersmany African Americanto move to West Virginia from Virginia and the Deep South. Shows prices by month and year. Salary data for teachers, principals and school administrators in New York City, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Detroit, St. Louis, Chicago and Kansas City. At suppertime, youngsters like Frank would sit with the men on a pile of slate and listen as veterans of the mine would sing songs, spin yarns, and tell jokes; they would rib the boys, trick them for laughs, and tell them tall tales of the devilish apparitions that appeared to them down in the hole. Acquiring a sense of humor helped mask a workers dread of the mine, but joking was no substitute for learning how to be careful. Shows the daily wages of various common and low-skill occupations like building laborers, canners, and rice mill workers throughout the state. Covers elementary, junior high, and high school teachers in American cities with populations of 2,500 or more. Source: BLS, Shows the daily wages of workers in the glass factories of northern France. Veteran colliers knew competitive individualism bred greed, hostility, thievery, and a disregard for mine safety. Coal mine owners and superintendents rarely went underground. As the men removed one pillar after another, the wooden posts used to support the mine top would be strained as the roof started getting heavy. The wood would then creak and groan and then splinter as the miners heard the roof working above their heads and planned their retreat accordingly. Working in coal mines is dangerous miners have to deal with toxic . Wages are shown in both contemporary Yen and US dollars. Prices are shown in German marks. PRICES in FOREIGN COUNTRIES, WAGES -- GENERAL SOURCES (all occupations and worker types), WAGES in AIRPLANE and AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING, 1920s. Compares 1927 and 1913 earnings. When the smoke cleared, the collier and his buddy would swing their picks to break up large clumps of coal and shovel the smaller lumps into a mine car; it was back-aching work made more painful by the narrowness of the room. Here Are the Best Reviewed Books of the Month. MORE PRICES in the U.S. Before the days of electric cars, many boys served as mule drivers. Wages are shown in Czech krone. More passenger air fares from other sources: Household items: Before the 1920s most miners were independent contractors. Shows wage rates for engineers, conductors, passenger baggage men, coal passers, firemen, switch tenders, hostlers, signalmen, station agents, telegraphers, machinists, car cleaners, and more. Shows average value for farm land and buildings from 1850-1982. Scroll forward and back to see the various cities for which average food prices are available. Covers New York City, New Jersey towns, Fall River MA, Cleveland, Chicago, Dallas, San Francisco and Portland OR. Wages are shown in Mexican pesos. Shows data for 12 cities located in NY, OH, PA and MA, including NYC, Boston, Philadelphia and more. In 1907, West Virginia appointed John Nugent as superintendent of immigration. 613. A settlement was reached when the coal board added an extra pound to wage rates after two-and-a-half days' intensive negotiations at the industry's London headquarters. Source: BLS. Sporting goods: Shows weekly wages for male and female workers in common industries such as textile manufacture and mining, and also more uncommon like ice cream manufacture and hospitality services. Source: BLS Monthly Labor Review, July 1930. This calculator allows you to compare the buying power of wages earned at different points in history. See list of the most common occupations for women in 1910 and 1920 (source: Census Bureau). Source: BLS, Shows the average daily wages of manual work occupations in Barcelona, Spain. A room in the Pocahontas seam could be more than 10 feet high, while workplaces in the Kanawha and New River seams often were no taller than four feet. Wages are shown in Finnish marks. 59-71. Shows average charge per case for appendicitis, childbirth, heart troubles, cancer, dental problems and more. Describes the labor policy of New Zealand in the 1920's and throughout the rest of the early 20th century. Wages are shown in Greek drachmas. This Farmers' Bulletin, Cost of Using Horses on Corn-Belt Farms, goes into great detail about the costs of keeping work horses, including a. Source: BLS, Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. Compares average retail prices for drug-store items at independent stores and chain stores in Cincinnati and Washington DC. House paints, paint brushes, doors & windows, wrench sets, home improvement tools, steel safes, fencing, garden tools, wrenches & other assorted tools, water pumps, plows, milk cans, gasoline-powered generators. Appalachian coal production has been on shaky ground almost since the industrys inception in the mid 19th century. Wages are shown in German marks. This was the world Frank Keeney entered as a boy. ), carriages, cribs, high chairs, etc. Tomorrow night at 9pm PBSs American Experience will broadcast The Mine Wars, based on the book. Compares average retail prices for grocery items in independent stores and in chain stores. A good blast could bring down a ton or more of coal from the fractured face. 525. Shows wages by occupation grouped by industries, with breakouts for males and females. Some stopped the cars by jamming pieces of wood into the spokes. Shows the average weekly hours and hourly wages for workers in the boot and shoe industry. Wages shown in contemporary US dollars. 664. Wage rates by occupation in foreign countries (sometimes just to a certain city in the foreign country), assembled for easy comparison to U.S. wage rates for the same occupations. Covers more than 1,200 cities. Includes many brand names. Sometimes they hired guards or brought in government troops to maintain order and control strikers. When a miner and his helper approached the entry to their room, danger lurked in almost every move they made. Source: "Income of Lawyers, 1929-1948" in the August 1949 issue of. Lists annual pay for individuals occupying administrative and supervisory positions in the executive and judicial branches. Living room: Shows the hourly, daily, and biannual earnings of different occupations in the Missouri coal industry between 1890-1922. Source: BLS Bulletin no. Wages are shown in Latvian rubles. for rural households in the U.S. and selected foreign countries. Constitution Avenue, NW By law, judges earned 1,500 per year. Source: BLS, Shows the average retail prices of staple foodstuffs in Madrid, Spain. Aboveground, many miners suffered at the hands of the company men who short-weighed tonnage a man had loaded or docked his pay because slate was found mixed in with the coal. by STATE The mine foreman was legally responsible for safety. Source: BLS, Shows the retail prices of food and commodities in various cities throughout south Manchuria. Wages of pattern makers, molders, drill press operators, lathe hands, machinists and more. After workers had advanced the mine face to the end of the seam, veterans began the dangerous work of removing the massive coal pillars that stood between the rooms and helped support the mine top. Shows average value per acre for all real estate with buildings, and the value of land alone, by county, for six states: MA, CT, RI , ME, VT and NH. of Agriculture report. Boys younger than 12 often worked beside their fathers underground because, in many communities, it was the only paying job available. The laborer's work is often made difficult by the water and rock which are found' in large quantities in coal veins. Kanawha County coal seams were relatively thick, so men could often stand or just bend slightly, but some coal cutters had to work bent over all day in low coal. After sorting out the slate fragments and loading the car, the miner attached his brass check to the side of the car and pushed it out into the main tunnel, where mules or a small locomotive pulled the load out of the mine to the weigh station and then to the tipple, where the coal would be prepared and funneled into railroad cars. Read more Employment in coal mining industry in the United Kingdom (UK) 1920-2021 . Prices on pp. By 2003 that number had dipped to just 70,000. For hours on end, a trapper boys ears would take in the strange sounds made by creaking timbers, rattling coal cars, clopping mules, and thudding blasts of explosions deep in the mine, while his eyes would behold surreal sights, like the white bones of ancient fish skeletons and the remains of tropical plants when they were illuminated by the miners lamps. West Virginias drift mines were cut into the mountains horizontally and its slope mines descended gradually into the earth. Coal mining wages - Illinois, 1920. Also shows average family size in each state. All of these mines included a main entry, or portal, and a second tunnel, or monkey drift, which provided workers with ventilationa barely adequate suction through a surface grate created by a coal fire that burned all day. Shows the "living wage" per week for different metropolitan areas of Australia. Jump directly to prices for: meats and eggs, butter, cheese, milk, bread and flour, corn meal, rice, potatoes, granulated sugar, coffee and tea, onions, navy beans, prunes, raisins, canned salmon, evaporated milk, margarine, lard, oats, corn flakes, wheat cereal, macaroni, canned baked beans, canned corn, canned peas, canned tomatoes, bananas, oranges, and more. Mr. Manufacturing wages -- SEE box further below. 514. Source: BLS, Shows the average daily or monthly wages for various occupations in 5 different cities in Brazil. Wages are shown in Italian lire. Shows typical pay in stock companies, dramas, musical comedies, vaudeville and screen, from extras to Hollywood stars. Source: U.S. Bureau of Education. Washington, D.C. Email powered by MailChimp (Privacy Policy & Terms of Use), The American Twins, Harpers Weekly, 1874, African American History Curatorial Collective. Arthur Lewis. Shows forty pages of incomedata with numerous breakouts. Between 12th and 14th Streets Shows the average weekly and hourly wages of different occupations in the Missouri shoe industry between 1913-1922. $20.00 per week. Source: U.S. Dept of Agriculture. The coal industry required more labor than southern West Virginia could supply. Source: Click "more" for direct links to each occupation. Expressed in dollars and also as a percentage of the property value. Study showed how much a family of five would need to live in Washington DC in 1920. The carpenters, mechanics, mule skinners, and other mine employees, who enjoyed no such latitude, were known by pit-face miners as company men. By contrast, the pit-face miners saw themselves as autonomous workmen who labored for themselves as well as for the company. Source: BLS. Wages shown in litas, and US dollars in parentheses. After undercutting the face, the collier turned the crank on a five-and-a-half-foot-long breast auger and pushed with all his weight to bore a hole high on the face. Report published in 1927 includes extensive wage data for women in Tennessee by race, industry, education, and more, circa 1925. Shows by county the price of undeveloped land, plow land and farm land. On one hand, the miners discipline and death-defying courage made them ideal industrial soldiers; on the other hand, the qualities the men forged in underground combat with the elementsbravery, fraternal fealty, and group solidarityhardened them for aboveground combat with their employers. Wages are shown in Spanish pesetas. Shows starting salary and increases granted based on marital status and number of children. Shows the weekly wages of various occupations in Swiss farming as well as the daily wages of day laborers. Source: BLS. Email: concannonm@missouri.edu After the top fell, they returned to break and load the fallen coal before another layer of the top came crashing down with a tremendous roar. In 1984 there were 174 deep coal mines in the UK by 1994 - the year the industry was finally privatized - there were just 15 left. Source: BLS, Shows the annual earnings of manual and nonmanual workers in Sweden. Source: This calculator can be used to determine the historical purchasing power of currency in the United Kingdom from 1270 to 2017. Source: U.S. BLS Bulletin, No. Compares wages in common industries such as building, engineering, shipbuilding, textiles, railway, agriculture, printing, and in pottery. In 1927, "$30 per month was taken as the average minimum expenditure for rent in Boston for the [working class] family of four living on the American standard.". Source: Monthly price list for Ralph's Grocery Company, which sold only in the Los Angeles area. Other enslaved African Americans escaped from the salt works to Ohio, a free state only 60 miles away. Figures expressed in both foreign currency and in dollars. Shows wages and hours of workers in the cotton industry over a 23 year period. Most of their houses had images of union president John L. Lewis, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and Jesus. Source: BLS, Shows the average retail prices of foodstuffs in Madrid and Barcelona. Source: U.S. Congressional Serial Set vol. Some picked slate and other debris out of the coal on fast-moving conveyor belts. Boys discovered that serious men turned into jokers when they toiled underground. Shows expenditures among rural Virginia families for food, housing, clothing, automobiles, health insurance, recreation, personal items and more. 1920, Home plans and costs to build in California, 1920, Retail prices of building materials by city, 1922, Building material prices paid by farmers, 1923-1924, Cost to construct houses, by type of material - 1921, Building material prices paid by farmers, 1910-1960, Farm real estate - Average value by state and county, 1920, Price of farm land by county in selected states, 1912-1924, New England farms and land - Average value by county, 1920-1930, Farm real estate values in Midwestern states, 1912-2019, Land in Missouri - Cost to rent or buy by county, 1922, Rents in working class neighborhoods in Cincinnati, 1920, Household heating fuel costs and expenditures by city, 1927, Electricity - Average monthly bill, 1924-1950, Household electricity costs and expenditures by city, 1927, Changes in retail prices of electricity, 1923-38, Car prices with illustrations, 1900-1920s, Gasoline prices andtaxes, and annual consumption per vehicle, 1920-1939, Horse-drawn carriages, buggies and accessories, 1920, Horse and mule prices by state, 1919-1920, City transit fares in NY, PA, OH and MA - 1927, Streetcar, omnibus and subway rates, 1926, Passenger train fare in the U.S., 1871-1933, RR ticket prices between NYC and Chicago, 1910-1944, accessories (diapers, baby bottles, etc.
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